Chemistry for Life Sciences

Foundational concepts
Atom basics
3 Topics | 1 Quiz
Introduction to atoms
Electron orbitals
Elements of life chemistry
Electron configurations of life elements
Bonding forces
5 Topics | 1 Quiz
Covalent bonding
Polarity and summary of intramolecular forces
Hybridisation
Intermolecular forces and boiling points
Language of chemistry
Bonding Forces quiz
Introduction to functional groups
3 Topics
Basic functional groups
Advanced functional groups
IUPAC Naming Exercise
Isomers
4 Topics | 1 Quiz
Conformational isomers
Configurational isomers
Configurational isomers continued
Summary of isomers
Isomers quiz
Reaction mechanism foundations
2 Topics | 1 Quiz
Electrophiles and nucleophiles
Electrophilic and nucleophilic reactions
Reaction mechanism foundations quiz
Functional groups 1
Producing and reacting functional groups 1
5 Topics | 1 Quiz
Producing alkyl halides
Reacting alkyl halides
Producing alkenes
Reacting alkenes
Producing and reacting alkynes
Producing and reacting functional groups quiz
Aromatics
3 Topics
Making electrophiles for benzene
Mono-substituents of benzene
Di-substituents of benzene
Functional groups 2
Producing and reacting functional groups 2
1 Topic
Extending the carbon skeleton
Producing alcohols
7 Topics | 1 Quiz
Production from alkyl halides and alkenes
Strong nucleophilic addition: Carbonyl compound reduction
Strong nucleophilic addition: Grignard’s reagents
Strong nucleophilic addition: Cyanide
Introduction to weak nucleophilic addition
Weak nucleophilic addition: Hemiacetals and acetals
Weak nucleophilic addition: Imine derivatives
Producing alcohols quiz
Reacting alcohols
4 Topics | 1 Quiz
Substitution
Elimination
Oxidation
Alcohols summary
Reacting alcohols quiz
Carbohydrates
5 Topics | 1 Quiz
Aldose, ketose, and Fischer projections
Formulae for aldoses and ketoses
Haworth projections, anomers and summary
Monosaccharide reactions
Polysaccharide formation
Carbohydrates quiz
Amino acids
5 Topics | 1 Quiz
Producing carboxylic acids
Fundamentals of carboxylic acid reactions
Reactions map
Producing amines
Zwitterions and polypeptides
Amino acids quiz
Acids and bases
Acid base fundamentals
3 Topics
Fundamentals and equations part 1
Fundamentals part 2
Factors influencing acids and bases
Acid base extended
3 Topics | 1 Quiz
Carboxylic acids and amines as acids and bases
Acidity and basicity of amines
Acidity and basicity of amino acids
Acid base quiz
Equations and models of acid base
2 Topics
Henderson-Hasselbach equation
Acid-base titrations
Kinetics
Kinetics fundamentals
4 Topics | 1 Quiz
Kinetic equations
Reaction rate basics
Factors affecting reaction rate
Rate law and orders of reaction
Kinetics fundamentals quiz
Applied kinetics
8 Topics
Order of reaction graphs
Half-lives
[Deep Dive] Kinetics practice questions
Activation energy
Arrhenius equations
Arrhenius equations practice
Reaction mechanisms and rate-limiting steps
Application of reaction mechanisms
Spectroscopy
Introduction to spectroscopy
1 Topic
Double bond equivalents
Types of spectroscopy
5 Topics | 1 Quiz
Mass spectrometry and IR spectroscopy
Ultraviolet-Visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy
Carbon Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (C-NMR) spectroscopy
Hydrogen NMR (H-NMR) spectroscopy
[Deep Dive] H-NMR practice questions
Spectroscopy quiz
[Deep Dive] H-NMR examples
4 Topics
H-NMR example 1
H-NMR example 2
H-NMR example 3
H-NMR example 4 – Benzene
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Formulae for aldoses and ketoses

Chemistry for Life Sciences Carbohydrates Formulae for aldoses and ketoses

Main concepts

  • Number of stereocenters and stereroisomers for aldoses and ketoses
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